2.
   2023
/  

( )
: 3     :75
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.          
2.             
-
3.          
4.     '    
-
5.          
2.
6.          
-
7.        
8. -         
   2023
/  

( )
: 3     :75
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.          
:   
             
           ,       , 
                 
-     
  ,     ,    
,  
               
    :    (   )     
(   )     ,          
2.
      , ,        
     ,  ,       

󷊨󷊩  -   
        
           
 
  '    ,          
󷉭󷉮󷉯󷉰
    
 ?
 
  ,     -          
               
            "   " 
                 
    ,            
 
        -     ,   
            
 :

         
           
         
  ,          ,     
 
󼩏󼩐󼩑 
 ?
    
       
 :
󷄧󷄫 -          ,        
             󷄧󷄬  -  
,            ,     
   - 
      󷄧󷄭     -  
     󷄧󷄮 -   (     )  , 
      
 
2.
󺊷󺊺󺊸󺊻󺊼󺊹󺊽󺊾   
    ?
               
,  ,   , ,     COVID-19    
           
󷐉󷐊󷐋󷐌󷐍󷐎󷐏󷐐󷐑󷐒󷐓󷐔󷐕   -   
       ,     '      
  ,             
󷶲󷶳   ?
  '   -    
  -      
            ,     
                  
 
 
 :
     
      
      
  
  , , , ,    
   , 
 ""  
󷐃󷐄󷐅󷐆󷐇󷐈  
,   "  "  ,            :
󷄧󷄫 - , , ,         
   
   󷄧󷄬 - , ,         
     󷄧󷄭 -  , ,      '
         󷄧󷄮 - ,  ,    
    -       󷄰󷄯 ( ) - ,
, ,           " "  
󼩏󼩐󼩑 +  =  
2.
     
 :          
  -        
? 
    +  +
    
    
 
     
 
     (, ,  )
     
  ,      
 
󹺰󹺱      
         -          
          , 
        
  
 
  :
    
   
    
      :
     
    


   
󷇮󷇭      
          
 :
󺬥󺬦󺬧
        -  ,  , ,   
󺆅󺆯󺆱󺆲󺆳󺆰  
   ,         
󼩏󼩐󼩑 
2.
      :
  



          -  ,    
  
󼬳󼬴󼬵󼬶󼬸󼬷󼬹     
         :
  
   
  


 -19   
                
   
   '               
󷄧󼿒
   ()      ()      
               
   
     
      ,   
        '    
   ,
, ,          ,      
 ,    
 ,     '  ,     
  
 
     ,   , ,       
    -              

 
2.
2.             
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-
      
          
      
    
 -  
                
                 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔   :        
  ,  

   
 - 
           
 : "       "
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   ?
     20
        ,    
,                
               ,  
                 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  
   ,  
,   '   '  

 - 
     
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
             
  
            :
1.     

  '  ()    ()    
     '        
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:    , 
  ()     ()   
,       , 
    ()    () 

2.   
           
2.
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:        ,         
      ,          
3.   

      ,        
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:     ,         
  
4.   

         
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  
         ,  

         
5.    
             
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  
     ,  
      
  WWF          -    ,    
  
6.     

     ,        
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  
      ,     
 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
     
 -     
   
 :
1. :  , 
     '   
; 

     
2. :         -
 
    ,           
3.   :      , 
     
2.
4.  :    '    -     "
"    , -- 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:              (  
  )     
,       

󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
1.  :   '        , -
  
2.  :, , ,       
3.     :         

     
 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
1.   '   :   '      , 
  
2.    :    '    
 
3.  : -      -    ,  
    

󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘  
     
    ' 
 - 
   
                 
 : 
  ,  
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
         ,         
          -, , ,
,      
,       
      
2.
-
3.          
: 
         ,      
           
   
 ?   
 
    ,   ,   '       
-?               
        :    

   ,    -    
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼,        
       " " 
       
       ""      
,   ,   ,        ,  
             ,  
      
       
       
          
 
󼩏󼩐󼩑    
    
   
    :
"        
        ,
    , ,             
     "
        ,      
        ,         
2.
󷊻󷊼󷊽  
                
  : "
 
 "
   : "
, 
 
 "
      : "  
     ?"
  ,    :
,    
     
 -     ,       
    
   !          '     

󹺖󹺗󹺕  
 ?
       ,         :
   
  
 
    
     
 
        ,  
󹻦󹻧   
     :
󷄧󼿒 1 -    

  , "       !"      
              
󷄧󼿒 2 -      
2.
            
? 
     
    
 
󷄧󼿒 3 -        

        :
  
    
    
   ,          
 -     
  -  ,            
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸      ?
!
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
       
       
        
   
 
  
     
   
          
      
    
       -   
 -   
󼩏󼩐󼩑       
     :  
2.
   
    :
"      
 
     ,   
  
      "
        
    
 -  
 
󷊻󷊼󷊽 
 
:
       ?
 
        ?
          ?

    
󷚲󷚳󷚰󷚱󷚴󷚵󷚶󷛠󷚸󷚹󷚻󷚼󷚾󷚿󷛀󷛃󷛡󷛢     ?
    
    
 :
  "" 
 
     
     

  :
   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼      
󷙭󷙮󷙯󷙰󷙱󷙲󷙳 1   
 ,     :
   
2.


 
   : 
     
"" 
- 

 
󺢍󺢒󺢎󺢏󺢐󺢑󺢓󺢔󺢕 2  

      
      
󽆐󽆑󽆒󽆓󽆔󽆕 3 -    
 
  : 
    ' 
 
  
       
󷨖󷨗󷨙󷨘 4  
   '   

: "     ...    
..."        
   

󼩼󼩽󼩾󼪀󼩿 
      :


  
    :
"- "
" "

 
      
  - 
   
2.
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
  
 
  
 
    
 
       
       '   : "     ?" "    
?"      !
           
󷄧󷅦󷅧     ( )
 
 
       
        
      
    ' 
      
    
  
  
:      
:  
󽇐 
 
      
 
      
          
:             
 
 -     
-    
 
            
:  ,  ,   
2.
4.     '    
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-
      
    
    
  ,    ,          
          ,   
  
,  
                  
 
 ,               
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔   :             
 
          
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   ?
         -    ""    - -
           
    
 
   '           ,       
      '   
 :           

 
:        -  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  
            
, 

    
     
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
1.    :      
    
2.    
:  (    )  ,  
    
  

3.      :  
 ,     '
   
4.          :       
    ,         
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼     
 :        ,   
  
,  
  
2.
  :             
     
  :              , 
 
 
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 :   '       
 

   
,         
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
1.     
             
 
        ,     
                 

2.     
 
        
 ,   
  
       ,        
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
1.  :          
2.    :          
 
3.      :
    
   

  
  
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
1.  :    
; ,  ,   
  
 
2.      :        
 ,      󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:       
        
3.   : 
         

 
       ,      
4.  :          ;
         

2.
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
 :     
         

 :     
  
   
 
  :           
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:     (),  (     
),    (    )     
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
1.   :   ,     '    
2.    :        
     
3.      :         
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:           '     , 
     
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘  
   
    (  ) 
   
 
 '    (),      (   )    
  
   ,      (  )  ,  

     ; 
,        
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
             :   
     
          
     ,        - 
       
 
2.
-
5.          
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   ?
               

"   "  "
   "       ,  

        
, ,       
     -        
   : 
       (  ),    
  ( )  ,       
  
  
   
 ,     :
 
    
   
  
          
   ,  ?     ,      
  
        
         
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
 ?
              :
-      ,   ,  
 -   , ,  
 -     , -  ,     
 -   ,  ,  
        '   , ,     

  
 
-        
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼     (   )
2.
             
    
  ?
󷄧󷄫  - ,            
             
  
      
󷄧󷄬  - 
   :      ?    
 ?       ?     
    
 
󷄧󷄭     -           
 :
       ?
      ?
          ?
        '   ?
󷄧󷄮     -      ,
       
 , 
             
  
󷄰󷄯   -
                
 
󷄧󷄱    -   , 
          
 
  ,   !  
,  
      
           
    

󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼      
    
         '  

                 
  
󷄧󷄫    
       '        
  
                
2.
          ,     " "
   
           
         '  
󷄧󷄬 
            

     ,  
       
,          
   ,   

               
     
󷄧󷄭  
             
  
            
   
               
      
󷄧󷄮
         
       
              
   , , 
   -         
     
      

󷄰󷄯
 
       
,  
    

               
               
         
󷄧󷄱 
2.
     '   
   
,  
  ,          
, ,   
  ,             , "   
    "
󷄧󷄲
         
   -, ,  
               
      
󷄧󷄳  
               , ,  
 
         ,     
 
 
󷄧󷄴 
   '  ,            
   '  
           
,         '   ,     
 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
                    
 -                
 ,              ,
  ,             
, , ,   , ,  ,      
      
   
        
 
2.
6.          
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-
           ,  
              
           ,      
,          
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔   :      
      ' 
     ,       ""  ,   - 
 -   ,    - ""       
  
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   ?
        
    
         :
1. :       
2. :      '       
3. :     
4. :       

󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:   ,      ""        ' 
    ,      '     ,      
 ,     ,  

󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
  
 :     
 
    :         
 :   '     
 
  
:,       
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
   -              
  ,   '          :
1.  
2.
,       '
     
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: "," ","  ""          '
    
2.  
     ,    ' 
  
    '  
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: "," ","  ""     -  
    
3.  
   '     
       
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: ""     '  
4.  
     
     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: ""       ,       
5.  
           
            
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  " "            
6.  
       
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: "  "     ,        
    
7.  
2.
           
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: ""         '   ,   '

 , "  "  ""    
8.  
       
     
,        
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:  " "           1 
      
9.  
        
   ,          
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: ""      ,  (    
) 
      
10.  
   

           
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: ""   -     -      
   ,       
11.  
  , ,     
         
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: "--"    ,       
   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
1. :        
2. :      
3. :    '   ,    
 
2.
4. :       
5. :           
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:   -     ,     , " " 
""        , ""       , 
              
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
:   ,    ,     
 
 
 : , ,        
 
:""  " "        
     
 :"   "         
   
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
-:          (  ,
      "" )
-:         (  , 
    "" )
 : -       -    
 :""  ""       
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘  
        

     : , ,  
    (:  )
   (      )
   (    )     
  
  -           

 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
           , 
            , ,  
       ,   ,    , ,
,  ,      
2.
-
7.        
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌-: -  ?
   
             

                 
  
           ,       
                
 , 

     
,    :
-               
             ,  
    -  -     :
    ,
      ,
       

       - ,      

󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-  
-                   
 -     ,           
󷄧󷄫 -
 " "        ,         ,
    
 :
2.
  
 ,      
    ,      
           
  ,              :  

 ,        
󷄧󷄬 -
 " "       ,        
 ,    
 :
   
       ,      
 
 
  
  ,  '      

        
,          ,   - :    
 ,     
 
󷄧󷄭    
 ,          
    ,  
    

:
        
        
        
   ,       
,   
  
  

󷇍󷇎󷇏󷇐󷇑󷇒-  
2.
, -     ,  -       - 
      -        :
󷄧󼿒1.    '

         ,       :
󷄧󷄫 - -     󷄧󷄬 - -     
󷄧󷄭 - -   
󷄧󼿒2. -     '
-      
      ,  
    -    ,    ,   
 
 ,     , -    :
󽇐 -
      
     ,  - = +1
     ,  - = –1
  -  
     ,      
           ,    
    
    
        ,        
 
   ,      ,    '    
2.
󽇐 /  -
      

:
       (  '       )
   
   
        
󽇐 /  -
   ,   
:
    
           
      

󽇐 -
  
-      
󷄧󼿒3.      '
-         '        
-       
󹵧󹵨󹵩󹵪󹵮󹵯󹵫󹵰󹵬󹵭 -
   ,            
 
'  ,      
 
2.
:
         - 
        
 ,     ,    -   
󷆔- () -
,     
       ,      '
  ,     
 
:
     (   
)
   (        ,   )
           ,  -  
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸- 
 ?

   , "
-   
 ?"   : 
  
        
           
               
           
          
   , ,       

 , -                 
     
󹴞󹴟󹴠󹴡󹶮󹶯󹶰󹶱󹶲
2.
-                  
   
       ,   ,    

 , , ,     ;   -;   
  :
      -
         -
     
  -
-      ,       
                
 ,     
 -   ,     , -
     
8. -         
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-     
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-
   ,              
           ,      
                
  
,  
          

 ?        
  -         -
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔   :  -           
            
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-  ?
-           ()       
             '   
 :20
        (" "   )
:          
 :              ,
        
2.
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:             
        
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-  
      ' -    -  :
1.   -
 -        
                

󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:          
2.   - ( -)
 -   '            
           
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:               
3. - -
 -               
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:          IQ 100      
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-    ?
-  -    ,       
 :
1.        
2.        ()
  - 
     
   -           
       ( ,  p-   )    
 p < 0.05 ,     '     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:           ,  - p <
0.05 
 ,  
       
 
2.
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  -  
1.    
      -       
 
        
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: -   (CBT)          
      
2.  
-                 
 
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:              
      
3.  
               
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:            
4.  
    ,  ,              
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:           
5.  
              
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:            
6.  
         -  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔: -          
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-  
1.     :    
2.
2.   ' :       
3.    :       
4.    :       
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-  
1.       :       
 ( 
ANOVA   )
2.    :    '          
3.   :       
4.     :         
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘  
       -    
  
  -   
    
           
       ,  
          
   -               
               
 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
-         ,      
                ,   ,
   , -             
  
"              
 
       ,       
 "